Evolution By Natural Selection By Charles Darwin - 1947 Words

Evolution by natural selection, proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859, requires a population to have three necessities. These include variation, which leads to differences in fitness, and a form of heredity for this variation (Bourrat 2014). Natural selection acts solely by accumulating slight, successive, and favorable variations and cannot produce great or sudden modifications because it can act only by very short and slow steps (Darwin 1859). Nevertheless, there are always numerous potential selective pressures in nature that limit a population’s evolution and fitness like predation. Plants form the foundation on which communities and ecosystems are assembled and which food webs are created. Accordingly, the understanding of factors that establish plant distribution, abundance is essential for our understanding of ecology at large. As major constituents of most ecosystems and chronic agents of plant damage, consumers have great potential to heavily impact plant abundance and distribution (Maron and Crone 2006). Particularly, herbivore populations like Eurosta solidaginis typically sustain heavy attacks from tortuous arrays of natural enemies (Bergman and Tingey 1979). They frequently encounter parasitoid wasps and avian predators, which impact the survival of the gallmakers. If a survivorship varies among gallmakers with different traits, natural enemy attacks can potentially alter their traits in later generations (Warren et al. 1989). Based upon other experimentsShow MoreRelatedCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution And Natural Selection1535 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on a mechanism that he titled natural selection. Natural selection is, as defined by Darwin in his book On the Origin of Species, the method of being naturally selected for a better chance of survival in an environment. Evolution itself is the process by which organisms develop and adapt over generations. â€Å"†¦ it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any mannerRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution And Natural Selection2114 Words   |  9 PagesCharles Darwin Charles Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England, on February 12, 1809. He died on April 19, 1882 in Kent, England (Biography.com Editors). Charles Darwin brought many revolutionary visions to the world of science, including evolution. Charles Darwin was an English naturalist and geologist. He is best known for his theory of evolution, and natural selection. Darwin learned most of his information on the Voyage of the Beagle, and from this trip he wrote a book, Of the Origin of SpeciesRead MoreEvolution By Natural Selection Is A Theory Created By Charles Darwin1415 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelop mutations that help us to adapt to the world around us. This is called evolution. Evolution by natural selection is a theory created by Charles Darwin in which he states that organisms evolve over time and develop certain characteristics, and the beneficial characteristics are passed onto the organism’s offspring as to increase the organism’s ability to survive, reproduce, and compe te for resources. Natural selection keeps the mutations that lead to an increase in Darwinian fitness, which isRead MoreCharles Robert Darwin and his Revolutionary Ideas1111 Words   |  5 Pages Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. Charles was one of six children and came from a long line of scientists. His grandfather, Dr. Erasmus Darwin, created the theory of evolution and his father, Dr. Robert Waring Darwin, was a well known medical doctor in his community. When Charles was 16, in 1825, his father sent him to Edinburgh University to study medicine, in hopes that Charles would also become a medical doctor. However, three years into hisRead MoreEvolution Is The Biological Ideal For The History Of Life On Earth814 Words   |  4 PagesHonors Biology Kohli December 14th, 2014 Evolution Evolution is the biological ideal for the history of life on Earth. (Evolution fact and theory). It is the process by which an organism becomes more refined over time and in response to its environment. Evolution is about how we evolved; how Neanderthals and cave men evolved into Homo sapiens much like what we are today. It’s about how creatures evolved over time, dinosaurs becoming extinct through natural selection and how sharks have been alive for overRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution1173 Words   |  5 Pages It is time to start believing. Evolutionary theories were first proposed by Charles Darwin in the 19th century, and 150 years later, these ideas are still being studied and proven today. Charles Darwin set the basis for these discoveries. Natural Selection and survival of the fittest are two examples of evolution. Charles Darwin once exclaimed, â€Å"It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change.† ThisRead MoreHow Organisms Evolved From a Common Ancestors1101 Words   |  5 Pagesof evolution. This theory states, â€Å"that all living organisms have evolved from a common ancestor through natural selection acting on hereditary variation† (Reece, 2011). Many people today, know humans have evolved from a common ancestor; but they do not recognize the importance of it. Everyone should be educated about how organisms evolved because humans have evolved throughout many centuries. Charles Darwin had many theories that incorporated the main principle of biology, natural selection andRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Phenomenon And A Collector Of Specimen Essay853 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England and was raised as a fifth child by a wealthy family. In 1825, Darwin graduated from the Elite school at Shrewsbury. In 1927 he dropped out from the University of Edinbu rgh and entered the University of Cambridge in order to become a clergyman for the Church of England. There he met Adam Sedgwick and John Stevens Henslowe. The two figures taught Darwin to become and observe of natural phenomenon and a collector of specimen. AfterRead MoreThe Origin of The Species by Charles Darwin Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesDarwinism is a theory developed by Charles Darwin with the help of many others. It states that natural selection is the most common cause of evolution. All species of organisms arise and grow through the natural selection of inherited variations that help increase the individuals ability to survive and reproduce in its environment. 1735 Carolus Linnaeus: He believed that God had created the world in a divine order from the simplest creatures up to human beings. He said God created struggle andRead MoreThe Scientific Theory Of Science And Technology1449 Words   |  6 Pageslive in today. Charles Robert Darwin was an English geologist and naturalist, best known for his significant addition to the science of evolution. He had a theory that all species have inherited traits over time from common ancestors, and in a partnership with Alfred Russel Wallace introduced his scientific theory that this pattern of evolution resulted from an action that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the natural selection involved in selective

To Kill a Mockingbird Argumentative Essay - 881 Words

Tom Robinson, a black man in To Kill a Mockingbird is one of the main characters in this story that causes controversy because of his skin color. Is the story’s relevance based on Mr. Robinson and his skin color? In my opinion yes, the book revolves all around his skin color and racism of the time. Tom Robinson is treated unfairly because he was black not because of what he supposedly did. The controversial subject matter in this book is immense in numbers, but out of all them, racism stands out the most. A question that has come to mind after reading this book is, today is racism still a hostile problem and as big as it was in the 1930s? Throughout this research paper I will gather information about racism from the 30s, and also today.†¦show more content†¦Even after evidence was found, all of it would be questioned and the trial could last for weeks. Blacks were persecuted more harshly and treated much more unfairly in the 30s. During this time period Jim Crow laws basically made it to where blacks didn’t have any rights at all. Jim Crow laws started in the 1880s and lasted into the 1960s, a majority of American states enforced segregation through Jim Crow laws. From Delaware to California, and from North Dakota to Texas, many states could impose legal punishments on people for consorting with members of another race. The most common types of laws forbade intermarriage and ordered business owners and public institutions to keep their black and white clientele separated (Tischauser 57-68). The Jim Crow laws affected Tom Robinson’s life in many ways. He simply was segregated from the white population. Tom was discriminated by almost everyone in the community he lived in. During this time this was normal and blacks were thought to be inferior to whites. Some English Dictionaries define ‘Jim Crow’ as the name for an implement that can straighten or bend iron rails; or, along with ‘Jim Crowism’, systems or practices of racial discrimination or segregation. The American English Dictionary suggests that the name only emerged in dictionaries in 1904, but it was clearly used as early as 1876.Show MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1327 Words   |  6 PagesTo Kill A Mockingbird Argumentative Essay, Atticus Takes a Stand It makes sense for Atticus to defend Tom Robinson, even if others thinks it s stupid just because of Tom’s color. Harper Lee was the Author of the number one book in America, To Kill A Mockingbird. The book starts off with Scout talking about her family, Jem and Atticus. Then Scout talks about someone named Dill, who comes only during summer. When Dill did come over, Jem, Scout, and Dill would try to get Boo Radley to come out ofRead MoreHow To Write Literary Analysis4174 Words   |  17 PagesHow To Write Literary Analysis The Literary Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide When you read for pleasure, your only goal is enjoyment. You might find yourself reading to get caught up in an exciting story, to learn about an interesting time or place, or just to pass time. Maybe you’re looking for inspiration, guidance, or a reflection of your own life. There are as many different, valid ways of reading a book as there are books in the world. When you read a work of literature in an English class

Internet and The World Wide Web Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Internet and The World Wide Web. Answer: The internet and the web It is very difficult to imagine any business operation without the involvement of internet and the World Wide Web. The involvement or use of internet in business has significantly helped in altering and enhancing the day-to-day operations involved in a business. Furthermore, it is one of the essential tools for marketing and advertising that is more conveniently used to reach a wider audience. A company website helps an organization to present its business to global customers (Baker, 2012). Furthermore, internet is used for making the customers aware of the current promotions in the organization. With the advent of internet and increasing use of web, most of the business operations use internet as a medium for carrying out vital operations, which includes storage and access of the important files and documents, communicating important information and so on. Creating a good image and an intelligent marketing is very important for an organization to be successful. Internet plays a huge role in achieving this. An effective company website helps in creating a perfect web experience that helps in reaching a wider audience. Use of social networking is increasingly used by different organizations in under to identify their target audience. Maintaining a good communication and having a proper interaction with the customers is very important and vital for expanding a business. The internet helps in achieving it. Email, instant messages, internet telephony and so on. The use of internet makes it easier for the businesses to deliver the messages to the employees and staffs of the organization as well. Personally, the use of internet has helped in performing the different operations of the organization more accurately. It simplifies the process of information collection by conducting a secondary research from the internet. The information gathered can be recorded electronically that eliminates the hassle of manual information keeping. Furthermore, with the advent of internet, carrying out payments and transactions has become even simpler. However, there are certain risks that are associated with the use of internet in organizations and for personal use as well. Denial of service attack is a common attack that can jam the network of the organization stopping all the important operations (Kessler, 2014). This could result in delay in the important operations of the organization. Apart from this, the electronic document keeping is prone to malicious attack where an intruder aims at hacking the important information of the company. The online transaction also possesses a threat associated with the loss of private and confidential information such as details of the credit and debit cards. Furthermore, the internet and web is prone to botnet attack, where a hacker can access all the computers connected with a common network (Dillman, Smyth Christian, 2014). The hackers, for obtaining the private information about the participants of the communication, can also compromise the communication channels. This is known as phishin g. Phishing frauds can appear as a guise of email messages that are intelligently designed to appear as if they are coming from a legitimate source. Therefore, proper protection against these frauds is necessary in order to protect the vital information of the organization. WannaCry Threat: Ransomware Attack 2017 In this digital world, where every information is stored digitally, proper protection of information is necessary. Digitization has no doubt improved the life and style of the computer users. However, the wannacry attack was totally unforeseen. Wannacry attack was the worst attack that the world has seen over the time. Wannacry ransomware is a malware that blocks the users access to their own files and systems by encrypting all the files that are present in a system. The files could only be decrypted once the victim pay and ransom in form of bit coins. Victims on finding no other alternatives were forced to pay a huge amount to the attackers. The malware first appeared in May 12th 2017 and spread like a forest fire all over the world. It targeted the unpatched computes working on an old version of windows operating system (Mohurle Patil, 2017). It mainly targeted large organizations in order to spread rapidly through the organizations internal network. The most dangerous feature of this malware was that it could spread even without involvement of any human by exploiting the vulnerabilities of the windows operating system running on the computer. The malware had infected over 230000 computers over the world. The malware attack spread by various methods that include email spam or phishing emails sen t on the system that is running on an older version of Microsoft windows. It was identified later that the systems that were targeted by the attack were still running on an outdated version of windows XP. The attack could have been prevented if certain preventive measures were ensured on the system. Considering the systems that are used for carrying out the most vital operations, proper security measures was essential. The risk of such ransomware can be mitigated by having a updated antivirus installed in the system. Spam messages should be blocked without reading or the spam settings can be personalized. The patches in the operating system should be kept up to date and windows firewall should be always turned on (O'dowd, 2017). A proper and reputable security suite should be installed in the system and proper measures should be taken while accessing any Wi-Fi network. The users should prevent themselves from visiting any unreliable website in order to prevent any malware infection in the computer system. Furthermore, the .exe files should be filtered in the email. Apart from this, the Microsoft office components should be kept secured apart from disabling the remote services. These p reventive measures can help in preventing the type of attack in future. Apart from this, it is never a good idea to pay a ransom to the attackers, how small the amount might be (Gordon, Fairhall Landman, 2017). This instigates the attacker in launching this type of crime in future as well. Another good idea for preventing such attacks is to keep a back up of the important files on a regular basis, so that even if this type of attack breaks in, the victim could use an alternate option for restoring their data. References Baker, J. (2012). The technologyorganizationenvironment framework. InInformation systems theory(pp. 231-245). Springer New York. Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., Christian, L. M. (2014).Internet, phone, mail, and mixed-mode surveys: the tailored design method. John Wiley Sons. Gordon, W. J., Fairhall, A., Landman, A. (2017). Threats to Information SecurityPublic Health Implications.New England Journal of Medicine,377(8), 707-709. Kessler, G. C. (2014). Denial?of?Service Attacks.Computer Security Handbook, Sixth Edition, 18-1. Mohurle, S., Patil, M. (2017). A brief study of wannacry threat: Ransomware attack 2017.International Journal,8(5). O'dowd, A. (2017). Major global cyber-attack hits NHS and delays treatment.BMJ: British Medical Journal (Online),357.

Nine Tomorrows Will Computers Control Humans In The Future Essays

Nine Tomorrows: Will Computers Control Humans in the Future? People always tend to seek the easy way out looking for something that would make their lives easier. Machines and tools have given us the ability to do more in less time giving us, at the same time, more comfort. As the technology advances, computers become faster and more powerful. These new machines are enabling us to do more in less time making our lives easier. The increased use of computers in the future, however, might have negative results and impact on our lives. In the novel Nine Tomorrows Isaac Asimov often criticizes our reliance on computers by portraying a futuristic world where computers control humans. One of the images which Asimov describes in the book is that humans might become too dependent on computers. In one of the stories, Profession, Asimov writes about people being educated by computer programs designed to educate effortlessly a person. According to the Profession story people would no longer read books to learn and improve their knowledge. People would rely on the computers rather than "try to memorize enough to match someone else who knows" (Nine Tomorrows, Profession 55). People would not chose to study, they would only want to be educated by computer tapes. Putting in knowledge would take less time than reading books and memorizing something that would take almost no time using a computer in the futuristic world that Asimov describes. Humans might began to rely on computers and allow them to control themselves by letting computers educate people. Computers would start teaching humans what computers tell them without having any choice of creativity. Computers would start to control humans' lives and make humans become too dependent on the computers. Another point that is criticized by Asimov is the fact that people might take their knowledge for granted allowing computers to take over and control their lives. In a story called The Feeling of Power, Asimov portrays how people started using computers to do even simple mathematical calculations. Over a long period of time people became so reliable on computers that they forgot the simplest multiplication and division rules. If someone wanted to calculate an answer they would simply use their pocket computer to do that (The Feeling of Power 77). People became too independent from the start making them forget what they have learned in the past. People in the story The Feeling of Power would take for granted what they have learned over centuries of learning and chose computers because of their ability to do their work faster. The lack of manual mathematics, which people chose to forget in the story, caused computers to be the ones to solve simple mathematic problems for the people taking control of the humans by doing the work for them (The Feeling of Power 81-82). The reliance of computers went to such an extent that even Humans began to use computers in all fields of study and work allowing computers to control their lives by taking over and doing everything for them. According to another story in the book, Asimov also describes how computers would be able to predict probabilities of an event, future. In the story All the Troubles of the World one big computer predicted crime before it even happened, allowing the police to take the person who was going to commit the crime and release him/her after the danger has passed (All The Troubles of The World 144-145). This computer, called Multivac, controlled humans by telling the authorities about who was going to commit a crime causing someone to be imprisoned until the danger has passed. It was the computer that made the decision of someone's freedom or imprisonment and that controlled others to arrest a person it suspected of committing a crime controlling his/her destiny. The decision of imprisoning someone for a crime a person did not commit was all in the hands of a computer. It was the computer that controlled humans and their destiny and controlling other humans who believed in everything that computer told them. Multivac could not only predict the future but it also could answer many questions that would normally embarrass people if they would have to ask someone else about it. Multivac could access its vast database of trillions of pieces of knowledge and find the best solution for one's problem (All The Troubles of The World 153). All the people believed that Multivac knows the best and allowed a computer to control their lives by following the solutions Multivac had given them (All the